Complete the form below. Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Highmoor Hiking Club — Membership Application
1Name: Erin
Kennaway. “It's Erin Kennaway.” … “K, E, double N, A, W, A, Y.” — Section 1 names are spelled out; “double N” means write N twice. Trap: missing the second N or writing “Kenaway”. 🔑 বাংলায়: “double N” মানে N দুইবার লিখতে হবে — Kennaway। Spelling ভুল হলে নম্বর পাবেন না।
2Postcode:
BS8 4QT. “Right, here it is. B S 8, 4 Q T.” — letters and numbers are read one by one. Trap: she hesitates (“I still have to look it up”) — wait for the code itself, and do not confuse Q with O. 🔑 বাংলায়: Postcode অক্ষর আর সংখ্যা আলাদা আলাদা বলা হয় — BS8 4QT। Q আর O গুলিয়ে ফেলবেন না।
3Membership type:
individual. Declan lists “individual … joint … family”. Erin first wanted joint, but her partner “said he'd rather spend his weekends on his bike. So it's just me.” — “just me” = individual (accept “single”). Trap: “joint” is the option she was going to ask about, then drops. 🔑 বাংলায়: প্রথমে joint নিতে চেয়েছিলেন, কিন্তু partner যাবেন না — “it's just me” মানে individual। উত্তরটা নিজের মুখে বলেননি, বুঝে নিতে হয়।
4Source of information: club stall at a
festival. “I came across your stand at the festival down on the seafront, and one of your members talked me into it.” (stall = stand) Trap: a colleague talks about the club, but “I never took much notice”; the leaflet came from the stand, it is not where she heard about it. 🔑 বাংলায়: colleague-এর কথায় গুরুত্ব দেননি — festival-এর stand-এ গিয়েই রাজি হয়েছেন। stall = stand (paraphrase)।
5Personal best (single walk): km
14. “I've entered a twenty-kilometre charity walk in June … up to now the furthest I've ever managed in one go is fourteen.” Trap: 20 km is a FUTURE plan, and 10 / 25 km are the club's walk grades. 🔑 বাংলায়: 20 km হলো সামনের charity walk — এখনো করেননি। এ পর্যন্ত সবচেয়ে বেশি হেঁটেছেন 14 km।
6Available to walk on:
Sunday. “Sunday's the only day I could do, I'm afraid. I work at a garden centre, and Saturday's our busiest day by far.” Trap: the club walks on “both days of the weekend”, and Saturday — the LAST day she mentions — is ruled out by her job. 🔑 বাংলায়: উত্তর আগে এসেছে (Sunday), পরে Saturday — কিন্তু Saturday-তে garden centre-এ কাজ। শেষে শোনা শব্দটাই সবসময় উত্তর নয়।
7Must reach the meeting point by: a.m.
8.15. “The coach leaves from outside the leisure centre at half past eight, but we ask everyone to be there by quarter past.” (be there by = must reach … by) Trap: 8.30 is when the coach DEPARTS, not when walkers must arrive. 🔑 বাংলায়: 8.30-এ coach ছাড়ে, কিন্তু পৌঁছাতে হবে quarter past eight = 8.15-এর মধ্যে। প্রশ্নে “reach … by” খেয়াল করুন।
8Essential safety item: a
whistle. “The one thing we do insist on, and the leader will check before we set off, is a whistle.” (insist on = essential) Trap: she already has boots; a jacket and rucksack are only advised; she is told NOT to buy a map or compass. 🔑 বাংলায়: map আর compass কিনতে মানা করা হয়েছে — leader এগুলো রাখেন। বাধ্যতামূলক (insist on) জিনিস হলো whistle।
9Medical condition:
asthma. “The only thing really is asthma. It's mild …” — then “I used to get terrible hay fever … but I seem to have grown out of it.” Trap: hay fever comes LAST but is in the past; “not allergic to anything” rules out allergies. 🔑 বাংলায়: hay fever আগে ছিল, এখন নেই। এখনকার সমস্যা asthma — spelling খেয়াল করুন (a-s-t-h-m-a)।
10Annual fee (with discount): £
55. “For a single adult it's normally sixty pounds … if you pay by direct debit … we knock five pounds off.” … “your membership comes to fifty-five for the year.” Trap: £60 is the normal price, £90 the joint rate, £8 the coach fare per trip. 🔑 বাংলায়: সাধারণ fee 60, direct debit-এ 5 কম = 55। 90 হলো joint-এর দাম, 8 হলো coach ভাড়া — এগুলো trap।
Section 2 · Questions 11–20 · an induction talk at a country hotel
Label the plan below. Write the correct letter, A–I, next to Questions 11–16.
Ashcombe Manor Hotel — plan of the grounds
11Laundry
F. “It's the low building joined onto the east wing of the house … just round the corner to your left.” (On the front steps facing south, your left = east.) Trap: “People tend to expect it to be over by the tennis courts” — it is much nearer. 🔑 বাংলায়: দক্ষিণমুখী দাঁড়ালে বাঁ দিক = east। East wing-এর সাথে লাগানো ছোট building = F। Tennis courts-এর কাছে ভাবলে ভুল হবে।
12Staff cottages
I. “turn left into the guests' car park. Go straight across it … on the far side, tucked away in the south-east corner.” Trap: the wooden hut “between the drive and the car park” (G) belongs to the gardeners. 🔑 বাংলায়: car park পার হয়ে south-east কোণে = I। Drive আর car park-এর মাঝের hut (G) হলো gardeners-দের — trap।
13Kitchen garden
B. “From the west side of the house, a path runs diagonally away towards the south-west. Follow it all the way to the end, past the old well.” Trap: D sits beside the start of the same path — the garden is at the far END, past the well. 🔑 বাংলায়: west দিক থেকে south-west-এর path ধরে well পার হয়ে একদম শেষে = B। পথের শুরুর building (D) নয়।
14Boathouse
H. “the boathouse is on the western shore.” Trap: the building “on the northern shore” (E) is a bird hide. 🔑 বাংলায়: lake-এর পশ্চিম তীরে = H। উত্তর তীরের building (E) হলো bird hide।
15Spa
C. “Take the path from the back door … heading north … it divides. The left-hand branch takes you down to the water, but if you keep to the right-hand one, you'll come out at the spa … between the lake and the orchard.” Trap: the left branch leads to the lake; the beehives at the orchard's edge (A) are not the spa. 🔑 বাংলায়: পেছনের দরজা থেকে উত্তরে গিয়ে ডান দিকের branch-এর শেষে, lake আর orchard-এর মাঝখানে = C। A হলো beehives।
16Staff canteen
D. “in the old coach house, which stands on its own just to the west of the main house. It's the nearest building to the house on that side.” Trap: B and H are also on the west side, but much further away. 🔑 বাংলায়: main house-এর ঠিক পশ্চিমে, সবচেয়ে কাছের আলাদা building = D। B আর H-ও পশ্চিমে, কিন্তু অনেক দূরে।
Questions 17–20 · Multiple choice
Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.
17What are the new staff told about their uniforms?
C. “Please don't wash them at home … put them in the bags with your name on, outside the laundry, and they'll come back to you, pressed, the following day.” Trap: the deposit (A) and collecting from the head housekeeper (B) happened “in previous years” — “We've done away with both of those.” 🔑 বাংলায়: deposit আর housekeeper-এর কাছ থেকে নেওয়া — দুটোই আগের নিয়ম, এখন বাতিল। এখন hotel-ই uniform ধুয়ে দেয় = C।
18Canteen meals
A. “While you're on duty, you're entitled to one hot meal per shift … and there's no charge for that.” Trap: on days off “you'll pay the same as you would in a café in the village” — not reduced (B); the terrace “is for guests only” (C). 🔑 বাংলায়: duty-র সময় খাবার free = A। ছুটির দিনে village café-র সমান দাম — কম দাম নয়। Terrace শুধু guest-দের।
19According to the manager, the main reason for the rule on phones is
C. “the real reason is that many of our guests come here precisely because they don't want to be noticed.” Trap: being “distracted” (A) and looking “unprofessional” (B) are “part of it, of course” — but “the real reason” is guests' privacy. 🔑 বাংলায়: distracted আর unprofessional — এগুলো “part of it” মাত্র। “the real reason” = guest-দের privacy রক্ষা = C। “real/main reason” শুনলেই সতর্ক হন।
20If staff want to exchange shifts, they must
B. “there's no need to come to me, or even to your supervisor. Just find a colleague who's happy to swap, and then both of you sign the change on the sheet.” Trap: the supervisor is ruled out (A); payroll only reads the sheet — staff don't contact it (C). 🔑 বাংলায়: supervisor-এর কাছে যেতে হবে না। Colleague-এর সাথে মিলে sheet-এ দুজনেই sign করবেন = B। Payroll শুধু sheet দেখে।
Section 3 · Questions 21–30 · a case study of a museum app
🎧 Recording — Section 3 2 students · academic discussion
Two students, Leah and Marcus, discuss a case study.
Questions 21–24 · Multiple choice
Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.
21According to Marcus, the museum originally decided to create the app in order to
C. “The museum had applied for a heritage grant, and one of the terms was that part of the money had to be spent on some kind of digital access project. The app was basically how they met that requirement.” Trap: teenagers (B) is only “how it was marketed”; saving on printed guides (A) is “a footnote … Nobody builds an app for that.” 🔑 বাংলায়: Leah ভেবেছিলেন teenager-দের জন্য, কিন্তু সেটা শুধু marketing। আসল কারণ — grant-এর শর্ত (terms = condition) পূরণ = C।
22What did both students find surprising?
C. Marcus: “The group that used it most was the over-sixties, and that really did catch me off guard.” Leah: “Me too.” Trap: families used it “nowhere near as much as the museum predicted” (A); tourists from abroad “barely touched it” (B). 🔑 বাংলায়: সবচেয়ে বেশি ব্যবহার করেছেন over-sixties — এতে দুজনেই অবাক (“catch me off guard” / “Me too”) = C। Families আর tourists — দুটোই প্রত্যাশার চেয়ে কম।
23Leah believes visitors returned mainly because of
B. “Repeat visits only really started climbing once the museum began adding a new story every few weeks. People came back to hear what had changed.” Trap: Marcus praises the badges and free coffee (A), but Leah says people “lost interest”; the half-price return ticket (C) “made almost no difference”. 🔑 বাংলায়: badge-এর idea Marcus-এর, Leah একমত নন। কয়েক সপ্তাহ পর পর নতুন story যোগ হওয়াতেই মানুষ ফিরে এসেছে = B। Marcus শেষে মেনে নেন (“Fair enough”)।
24The students agree that the main weakness of the case study is that
B. Leah: “they keep quoting the number of downloads, as if that proves people were using it.” Marcus: “yes, you're right, downloads on their own don't tell you much at all.” Trap: Marcus's cost criticism (A) is withdrawn — “there is a table on that”; the small survey (C) is mentioned, but “at least the authors admit that.” 🔑 বাংলায়: Marcus প্রথমে cost নিয়ে আপত্তি করেন, কিন্তু Leah দেখান table আছে। দুজনেই একমত — শুধু download সংখ্যা দিয়ে আসল ব্যবহার বোঝা যায় না = B।
Questions 25–26 · Choose TWO letters
Choose TWO letters, A–E. Which TWO problems did the museum have when the app was launched?
25First problem
A and D (in either order). A: “down in the basement galleries the app simply couldn't get a signal.” D: “the front-of-house staff couldn't help, because nobody had shown them how it worked.” Trap: batteries (B) “never became an issue” thanks to charging points; the download (C) “was tiny”; English-only (E) “was planned … no record of a single visitor raising it.” 🔑 বাংলায়: সমস্যা দুটো — basement-এ signal ছিল না (A), আর staff-রা app চালানো শেখেননি (D)। Battery, download size, language — তিনটাই আলোচনায় এসেছে, কিন্তু বাতিল।
26Second problem
A and D (in either order) — see Question 25. Choose a different letter from the one you chose for Question 25. 🔑 বাংলায়: Choose TWO-তে দুই প্রশ্নে একই letter দিলে একবারই নম্বর পাবেন। উত্তর A আর D।
Questions 27–30 · Matching
What comment do the students make about each of the following features of the app? Choose FOUR answers from the box and write the correct letter, A–F, next to Questions 27–30.
Comments A cost more to develop than expected B was later removed C had to be made simpler D made visitors stay longer E has been copied by other museums F led to complaints from some visitors
27the map
C. “The original version was this rotating three-dimensional model … people couldn't work out which floor they were on … they replaced it with a plain floor-by-floor plan.” (3-D model → plain plan = made simpler) Trap: “Nobody actually complained” — so not F, even though visitors were confused. 🔑 বাংলায়: জটিল 3D model বাদ দিয়ে সাধারণ floor plan — অর্থাৎ simpler করা হয়েছে = C।
28the audio stories
F. “other visitors got quite irritated, and several wrote in about it.” (wrote in = complained) Trap: they “weren't cheap”, but the museum “had set aside the money for that from the start” — so not A (no unexpected cost). 🔑 বাংলায়: জোরে বাজানোয় অন্য visitor-রা বিরক্ত হয়ে চিঠি লিখেছেন (wrote in) = complaints = F।
29the children's trail
D. “families who followed the trail spent about forty minutes more in the building than families who didn't.” Trap: other museums “got in touch”, but “none of them has actually gone ahead with one” — so not E. 🔑 বাংলায়: অন্য museum যোগাযোগ করেছে, কিন্তু কেউ বানায়নি — E নয়। Trail-এর কারণে families 40 মিনিট বেশি থেকেছে = D।
30the augmented reality feature
B. “after the first year it was quietly taken out of the app.” (taken out = removed) Trap: “it wasn't even that expensive to make” — so not A. 🔑 বাংলায়: খরচ বেশি ছিল না (A নয়)। শুধু নতুন phone-এ চলত, তাই এক বছর পর app থেকে সরিয়ে দেওয়া হয়েছে = B।
Section 4 · Questions 31–40 · a lecture on habit formation
🎧 Recording — Section 4 1 speaker · university lecture
A psychology lecture. It plays straight through with no break.
Questions 31–40 · Note completion
Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.
The Psychology of Habit Formation
31The '21-day' claim: first made by a describing how long his patients took to adapt
surgeon. “it wasn't a psychologist who came up with it, or a neuroscientist. It goes back to Maxwell Maltz, a plastic surgeon … his patients seemed to need at least three weeks to get used to their new appearance.” Trap: psychologist and neuroscientist are named first — and rejected. 🔑 বাংলায়: psychologist বা neuroscientist নন — 21 দিনের ধারণা এসেছে এক plastic surgeon-এর কাছ থেকে। “doctor” লিখলে হবে না — যে শব্দটা বলা হয়েছে সেটাই লিখুন।
32Lally et al. (2009): 96 volunteers, 12 weeks — rapid early progress, then the curve flattened into a
plateau. “automaticity rose quite steeply in the early weeks, but then the gains became smaller and smaller, until the curve levelled off at a plateau.” (levelled off = flattened) 🔑 বাংলায়: শুরুতে দ্রুত বাড়ে, পরে সমান হয়ে যায় — এই সমতল অবস্থাকে বলে plateau। Spelling: p-l-a-t-e-a-u।
33middle value 66 days (range 18–254); harder tasks, e.g. 50 a day, generally took longer to turn into habits
sit-ups. “Some picked something very simple, like drinking a bottle of water with lunch, while others took on something more demanding, such as doing fifty sit-ups after their morning coffee … not surprisingly, the demanding ones tended to take longer to become automatic.” (more demanding = harder) Trap: “water” is the SIMPLE example, and “coffee” is only the time of day for the sit-ups. A hyphenated word counts as one word. 🔑 বাংলায়: সহজ উদাহরণ water — সেটা উত্তর নয়। কঠিন কাজের উদাহরণ fifty sit-ups, যেটা automatic হতে বেশি সময় নিয়েছে। Coffee শুধু সময় বোঝায় — trap।
34occasional lapses hardly mattered; the key was in an unchanging setting
repetition. “Missing a day now and then made very little difference … What counted wasn't a perfect record, but repetition in a stable context.” (stable context = unchanging setting) Trap: “a perfect record” is what does NOT count. 🔑 বাংলায়: মাঝে মাঝে বাদ গেলে সমস্যা নেই — perfect record নয়, একই পরিবেশে বারবার করা (repetition)-ই আসল।
35The brain (Graybiel, MIT): rats ran a maze for chocolate; scientists monitored the , within the basal ganglia
striatum. “The team recorded activity in the striatum, which belongs to a group of structures deep in the brain called the basal ganglia.” Trap: “basal ganglia” is the wider group, already printed in the notes — the gap needs the specific region. Spelling: s-t-r-i-a-t-u-m. 🔑 বাংলায়: basal ganglia notes-এ দেওয়াই আছে — gap-এ লাগবে নির্দিষ্ট অংশটার নাম: striatum। Technical term, spelling খেয়াল করুন।
36after learning, cells fired mainly when the route began and ended — a process called
chunking. “The cells fired strongly at the very beginning of the run and again at the end … the brain had packaged the whole sequence of actions into a single unit … This is known as ‘chunking’.” Trap: at first the cells were active “all the way along the maze” — that is before learning. 🔑 বাংলায়: পুরো কাজটা একটা unit হিসেবে জমা হয় — একে বলে chunking। শুরুতে পুরো পথজুড়ে activity ছিল, সেটা শেখার আগের অবস্থা।
37Context (Neal, Wood et al., 2011): regular cinema snackers ate popcorn as readily as fresh
stale. “others held popcorn that had been made seven days earlier and was, frankly, completely stale … the regular popcorn eaters got through just as much of it as they did of the fresh.” Trap: people who “rarely ate popcorn” behaved differently — they left it. 🔑 বাংলায়: যারা নিয়মিত cinema-য় popcorn খান, তারা সাত দিন আগের (stale) popcorn-ও fresh-এর মতোই খেয়েছেন — অভ্যাসের জোরে।
38this did not happen when the test took place in a room
meeting. “When the same test was run in a meeting room, with music videos instead of trailers, the habitual eaters behaved like everyone else.” Trap: “non-dominant hand” is a second change, but it is not a kind of room. 🔑 বাংলায়: পরিবেশ বদলালে (meeting room) অভ্যাস কাজ করেনি। non-dominant hand আরেকটা পরিবর্তন, কিন্তু gap-এ “room” আছে — তাই meeting।
39Changing habits (Verplanken & Roy): advice on greener living worked best soon after people moved home, as the that used to trigger their habits were no longer there
cues. “the advice had a noticeably bigger effect on people who had moved house within the previous three months … for the recent movers, the old cues had gone, and new routines hadn't yet settled in.” (had gone = were no longer there) Trap: “routines” is in the same sentence, but it is the NEW routines that had not yet formed — not what had disappeared. 🔑 বাংলায়: নতুন বাসায় পুরনো cue (অভ্যাস শুরু করার সংকেত) আর থাকে না, তাই পরামর্শ বেশি কাজ করে। routines হলো নতুন যেগুলো এখনো তৈরি হয়নি — trap।
40Wood: rather than relying on self-control, add to make unwanted habits harder
friction. “Wood argues that willpower is overrated … Her recommendation is to add what she calls friction: small obstacles that make an unwanted behaviour slightly more effort.” Trap: “willpower” and “self-control” are what she says we should NOT rely on. 🔑 বাংলায়: willpower-এর ওপর ভরসা না করে খারাপ অভ্যাসের পথে ছোট বাধা (friction) তৈরি করুন — যেমন phone অন্য ঘরে রাখা।