A woman phones a festival office to offer her help as a volunteer.
Questions 1–6 · Form completion
Complete the form below. Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Ashcombe Valley Festival — Volunteer Registration
1Surname: ______ (first name: Kirsty)
Pendrill. "It's Kirsty Pendrill. That's P, E, N, D, R, I, double L. People always want to put an E near the end, but it's an I." Write the letters exactly as they are spelled. Trap: the common spelling "Pendrell" (with an E) is the one she warns against. 🔑 বাংলায়: নামটা অক্ষর ধরে বলা হয়েছে — শেষের দিকে E নয়, I, আর শেষে double L। তাই Pendrill।
2Contact number: ______
07723 615904. "My work number's at the bottom of all my emails, but I'm hardly ever at my desk, so you'd be better off with my mobile. It's oh seven seven two three, six one five, nine oh four." Trap: the work number is mentioned first but rejected; "oh" = 0. 🔑 বাংলায়: Work number-এর কথা আগে আসে, কিন্তু তিনি mobile নম্বরটাই দিতে বলেন। "oh" মানে শূন্য (0) — 07723 615904।
3Team: ______
recycling. "Where we're really struggling is recycling … " — Kirsty: "Go on, then, I'll give it a go." Trap: she asks for the box office (run by the ticketing company, so no volunteers), and the stewards are full. 🔑 বাংলায়: তিনি box office চেয়েছিলেন, কিন্তু সেখানে volunteer নেওয়া হচ্ছে না; stewards-ও ভর্তি। শেষে recycling team-এ রাজি হন।
4Available: ______ only
Saturday. "The Friday's out … I'd pencilled in the Sunday as well, but my nephew's christening has just been moved to that weekend, so it'll have to be the Saturday on its own." ("on its own" = only) Trap: Friday is ruled out by work and Sunday by a family event — two days are named and dropped. 🔑 বাংলায়: শুক্রবার কাজ, রবিবার ভাতিজার অনুষ্ঠান — তাই শুধু Saturday। "on its own" = only।
5T-shirt size: ______
large. "Put me down for a large. A friend who did this last year told me to go one size down … but she's tiny and I'm nearly six foot, so I'll ignore her on that one." Trap: here the answer comes FIRST; the advice to choose a smaller size (medium) comes after and is rejected. 🔑 বাংলায়: এবার উত্তরটা প্রথমেই বলা হয়েছে (large)। বান্ধবীর "এক সাইজ ছোট নাও" পরামর্শ তিনি মানেননি — শেষে যা শুনলেন, সবসময় সেটাই উত্তর নয়।
6Induction evening: ______ July, 7 p.m.
10th. "It was supposed to be on Wednesday the ninth of July, but the town hall managed to double-book the main room, so it's been put back by a day, to Thursday the tenth." Trap: the 9th was the original date — two dates a day apart, so you must catch which one is final. 🔑 বাংলায়: আগে ছিল Wednesday 9th, room double-book হওয়ায় একদিন পিছিয়ে Thursday 10th।
Questions 7–10 · Note completion
Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Information for new volunteers
7Arrival point for helpers: the cricket ______
pavilion. "don't go to the main gate … Volunteers sign in at the old cricket pavilion, which is just inside the side entrance by the footbridge." Trap: the main gate is where everyone wrongly goes. 🔑 বাংলায়: Main gate-এ নয় — volunteer-রা sign in করেন পুরনো cricket pavilion-এ।
8Must bring own ______
torch. "You'll be issued with heavy-duty gloves and a high-visibility vest … there's sun cream at the first-aid tent. The one thing we can't supply is a torch." Trap: gloves, a vest and sun cream are all mentioned — but they are provided. 🔑 বাংলায়: Gloves, vest, sun cream — সবই দেওয়া হবে। নিজের আনতে হবে শুধু torch, কারণ অন্ধকারেও কাজ চলে।
9Free parking: the ______ (Mill Road)
orchard. "Up until last year we used the field down by the river, but it flooded … so now volunteers' cars go in the orchard, behind the primary school on Mill Road." ("park for nothing" = free) Trap: the river field is the old car park; the shuttle bus is also mentioned but is no use to her. 🔑 বাংলায়: নদীর পাশের মাঠ আগে ব্যবহার হতো, বন্যার কারণে এখন গাড়ি রাখা হয় orchard-এ। "for nothing" = free।
10If unable to come: at least ______ hours' notice
48. "Ideally we'd like a week's warning … but the absolute minimum is forty-eight hours." ("absolute minimum" = at least) Trap: a week is what they would like, not the minimum — a qualifier trap. 🔑 বাংলায়: এক সপ্তাহ হলো ideal, কিন্তু প্রশ্নে চাওয়া হয়েছে "at least" — অর্থাৎ minimum, যা 48 ঘণ্টা।
Section 2 · Questions 11–20 · a tour of a new public library
🎧 Recording — Section 2 1 speaker · guided tour
A library manager shows a group of visitors round a newly opened library.
Questions 11–15 · Plan labelling
Label the plan below. Write the correct letter, A–H, next to Questions 11–15.
Fernhill Library — ground floor
11Recording studio
H. "people often expect our new recording studio to be hidden away somewhere at the back of the building … Walk past the desk, turn left into … the book street, and it's the first door on your left." Walking west, "left" = the south side, and the first room there is H. Trap: the room "on your right, behind the glass doors" (E) is only the sorting room, and "the back of the building" is where people wrongly expect it. 🔑 বাংলায়: Desk পার হয়ে বামে book street-এ ঢুকলে বাম দিকের প্রথম দরজা — H। ডানের কাঁচের দরজার ঘরটা (E) শুধু staff-দের sorting room।
12Café
F. "you'll pass the main staircase and the lift, on your right … It's actually down here now, just beyond the stairs on the same side, and it has big windows looking straight out onto the reading garden." Trap: in the old library it was on the top floor, and the offices beside the stairs are not lettered. 🔑 বাংলায়: সিঁড়ি পেরিয়ে একই (ডান/উত্তর) দিকে, garden-এর দিকে জানালা — F। পুরনো library-তে café উপরতলায় ছিল, সেটা distractor।
13Local history room
G. "If you walk across it, following the path round the pond, you'll come to a door on the far side. That leads into the local history room, which takes up the north-west corner of the building." Trap: "the room immediately to its south, which also opens onto the garden" (B) is a meeting room. 🔑 বাংলায়: Garden পেরিয়ে north-west কোণের ঘর — G। ঠিক দক্ষিণের ঘরটাও garden-এ খোলে (B), কিন্তু সেটা meeting room।
14Children's library
D. "follow it right to the end, at the western end of the building, you'll find a round room on your left. That's the children's library." Trap: "the long room on the south side … painted in such bright colours" (C) is the exhibition space, where many parents go by mistake. 🔑 বাংলায়: Book street-এর একদম পশ্চিম মাথায় বামের গোল ঘর — D। রঙিন লম্বা ঘরটা (C) exhibition space।
15Quiet study room
A. "keep the sorting room on your right and follow the short corridor that runs north up the east side of the building. The quiet study room is right at the end of it, in the north-east corner." Trap: the sorting room (E) is passed on the way; it is not the answer. 🔑 বাংলায়: Entrance থেকে sorting room ডানে রেখে পূর্ব দেয়াল ধরে উত্তরে গেলে corridor-এর শেষে north-east কোণ — A।
Questions 16–20 · Multiple Choice
Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.
16What was the main reason for building the library in this location?
C. "What really drove the move was the state of this part of town. When the department store closed, the whole of the old market quarter went quiet, and the idea was that a busy public building would bring people back into the area." Trap: the tram stop "was luck; the stop was only added afterwards" (A), and the old building "could have been repaired … perfectly sound" (B). 🔑 বাংলায়: আসল কারণ — ফাঁকা হয়ে যাওয়া market এলাকায় আবার মানুষ ফেরানো। Tram stop পরে এসেছে, আর পুরনো building মেরামতযোগ্য ছিল।
17What is new about the membership card?
A. "What's new is that the same card now lets you borrow from any library in the county, and you can take items back to whichever branch is most convenient." Trap: the phone app "has been delayed until next year" (B), and "it won't pay for anything in the café" (C). 🔑 বাংলায়: নতুন সুবিধা — county-র যেকোনো library-তে একই card চলবে। Phone app এখনো আসেনি, আর café-তে card দিয়ে payment হয় না।
18What does Declan say about the maker space?
B. "nobody works on the machines by themselves until they've done a short session with a member of staff, who shows them how everything operates." Trap: the plastic charge is "the same for everyone, whatever their age" (A), and it is open "Sundays included" (C). 🔑 বাংলায়: Staff-এর কাছে ছোট একটা training session না করে একা machine চালানো যাবে না। বয়সভেদে ছাড় নেই, রবিবারও খোলা।
19What does Declan say about the Thursday talks?
B. "from next month they'll move into the exhibition space, which holds three times as many." Trap: "You don't need a ticket, or even to book" (A); filming was considered but "most of our speakers preferred not to be recorded" (C). 🔑 বাংলায়: ভিড়ের কারণে আগামী মাস থেকে তিনগুণ বড় exhibition space-এ সরবে। Booking লাগে না, online recording-ও নেই।
20What does Declan ask the visitors to do today?
C. "What I'd really like you to do this morning is tell us what we've got wrong … there's a pile of comment cards on the information desk." Trap: the Friends group "raise money for events" and want members, "but that's something for another day" (A/B). 🔑 বাংলায়: আজকের অনুরোধ — comment card-এ লিখে জানান কী ভুল হচ্ছে। Friends group-এর কথা এসেছে, কিন্তু "অন্য দিনের জন্য"।
Section 3 · Questions 21–30 · comparing ways of teaching young children to swim
Two sports science students, Hannah and Rob, discuss their assignment.
Questions 21–25 · Multiple Choice
Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.
21Why did the students choose this topic?
B. Hannah: "Hundreds of papers on elite swimmers and their training, and almost nothing on children under six. That's what made us think there was something worth doing." — Rob: "That's true." Trap: Rob's job is "useful … But I don't think it's the real reason" (A); the TV campaign "came out after we'd decided" (C). 🔑 বাংলায়: আসল কারণ — ছয় বছরের নিচের শিশুদের নিয়ে গবেষণা প্রায় নেই। Rob-এর চাকরি সাহায্য করেছে, কিন্তু কারণ নয়; TV campaign পরে এসেছে।
22What problem did they have when observing lessons?
C. "We needed a signature from every family, and in two groups a couple of parents never sent theirs back, so we had to rely on handwritten notes." Trap: "the manager was happy for us to film" (A); "every one of the six sessions we'd arranged went ahead" (B). 🔑 বাংলায়: কিছু অভিভাবক consent form ফেরত দেননি, তাই camera ব্যবহার করা যায়নি। Pool manager রাজি ছিলেন, আর কোনো session বাতিল হয়নি।
23Which ages will the study now focus on?
A. Rob suggests "two to four", but Hannah says "our pool doesn't put two-year-olds in group lessons". Rob: "Then we'll shift it up a year, and stop at five." Two to four shifted up a year = starting at three; "stop at five" = 3–5. Trap: 2–4 is suggested and rejected (B); 4–7 is the national survey's range (C); the answer is never said as one phrase — you must work it out. 🔑 বাংলায়: "two to four" থেকে এক বছর এগিয়ে শুরু = তিন, আর শেষ পাঁচে — তাই 3–5। এখানে উত্তর সরাসরি বলা হয়নি, হিসাব করে বের করতে হয়।
24Which measure of progress does Hannah prefer?
C. "I think the clearest sign is when a child will put their face under the water without being told to." Trap: distance is what "most of the studies" use, but "rewards the kids who are just strong and fearless" (A); floating "depends so much on body shape" (B). Rob's doubt ("not sure we can measure that") does not change Hannah's preference. 🔑 বাংলায়: Hannah-র মতে সবচেয়ে ভালো লক্ষণ — কেউ না বললেও শিশু নিজে থেকে মুখ পানির নিচে দেয় কি না। Distance আর floating দুটোই তিনি বাতিল করেছেন।
25What will the students do next?
A. "What we haven't got is the teachers' side of it. Maria … said she could get three or four of her instructors together one evening" — Hannah: "Let's ring her tomorrow." Trap: the questionnaire is Hannah's idea, rejected (few replies; "tell you more about the parents") (B); "We've got enough of those [observations]" (C). 🔑 বাংলায়: পরের ধাপ — Maria-র মাধ্যমে কয়েকজন instructor-এর সাথে কথা বলা। Questionnaire বাতিল, আর আরও lesson দেখার দরকার নেই।
Questions 26–30 · Matching
What comment do the students make about each of the following methods? Choose FIVE answers from the box and write the correct letter, A–G, next to Questions 26–30.
Comments
A can lead to a child's ability being overestimated
B is not easily available in the local area
C may distress some children initially
D suits younger children better than older ones
E depends heavily on the teacher's experience
F lets support be reduced a little at a time
G may slow progress towards a horizontal body position
26armbands
G. "They keep them upright, as if they're standing in the water, and to swim properly you need to be stretched out along the surface. Children who've worn them for years can take months to get used to that." Trap: Rob raises overconfidence (A), but Hannah says "the evidence is surprisingly weak. It's the inflatable rings that seem to cause that problem." 🔑 বাংলায়: Armband শিশুকে খাড়া রাখে, অথচ সাঁতারে পানির উপর লম্বা হয়ে থাকতে হয় — তাই G। Overconfidence-এর কথা এসেছে, কিন্তু সেটা inflatable ring-এর সমস্যা।
27the survival-first approach
C. "The real drawback is how the children react. In the first two or three lessons, quite a lot of them cry and cling to the side." Trap: Rob expected it to need "a really experienced teacher" (E), but "even the newly qualified instructors at our pool cope perfectly well." 🔑 বাংলায়: প্রথম কয়েকটা lesson-এ অনেক শিশু কাঁদে — তাই C। অভিজ্ঞ teacher লাগবে ভাবা হয়েছিল, কিন্তু নতুনরাও পারেন।
28parent-and-child classes
A. "Parents watch their child splashing around happily with an adult holding them, and they go away believing the child is perfectly safe in water." Trap: Hannah "assumed those would be hard to come by, but there are four within walking distance" (B). 🔑 বাংলায়: বাবা-মা ভাবেন শিশু পানিতে নিরাপদ — অর্থাৎ শিশুর ক্ষমতা বাড়িয়ে ভাবা (A)। পাওয়া কঠিন ভেবেছিলেন, কিন্তু কাছেই চারটা আছে।
29flotation suits
F. "the instructor takes one pad out every week or so, so bit by bit the child is holding themselves up without really noticing." Trap: cost is raised ("Aren't they expensive?") but dismissed — "The pool lends them out." 🔑 বাংলায়: প্রতি সপ্তাহে একটা করে pad খুলে নেওয়া হয়, ফলে সাহায্য ধীরে ধীরে কমে — F। দামের প্রশ্ন উঠলেও pool সেগুলো ধার দেয়।
30learning through games
E. "a game only teaches something if the teacher knows exactly what skill it's building. With someone who's been doing it for years, it's brilliant. With someone who's just qualified, it can turn into twenty minutes of splashing about." Trap: Rob worried it "only works with the very youngest" (D), but "the six-year-olds enjoyed it as much as anyone." 🔑 বাংলায়: অভিজ্ঞ teacher হলে দারুণ, নতুন হলে শুধু পানি ছোড়াছুড়ি — তাই E। শুধু ছোটদের জন্য (D) — এই ধারণা বাতিল হয়েছে।
Section 4 · Questions 31–40 · a lecture on the shipping container
An economic history lecture about Malcolm McLean and the shipping container.
Questions 31–40 · Note completion
Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.
Malcolm McLean and the Shipping Container
31Origins: 1937 anecdote (perhaps untrue) — his consignment of ______ was put aboard a ship one piece at a time
cotton. "When his turn finally came, his own load of cotton went the same way, bale by bale." Trap: "other people's crates, sacks and barrels" are named first — but those were not his load. 🔑 বাংলায়: অন্যদের crates, sacks, barrels আগে বলা হয়েছে; McLean-এর নিজের মাল ছিল cotton, যা এক এক bale করে তোলা হয়।
32First voyage (1956): the vessel was a modified ______ from the Second World War
tanker. "a converted wartime tanker called the Ideal X left Newark carrying fifty-eight metal boxes" (converted = modified; wartime = from the war). Trap: "She wasn't a true container ship; vessels that stacked the boxes inside the hold only arrived the following year." 🔑 বাংলায়: প্রথম যাত্রার জাহাজটা ছিল যুদ্ধকালীন একটা tanker, পরিবর্তন করা। বিশেষভাবে বানানো container ship এসেছে পরের বছর।
33port of arrival: ______
Houston. "Less than a week later she reached Houston, where lorries waited to drive the boxes away." Trap: Newark is where the ship left from. 🔑 বাংলায়: Newark থেকে যাত্রা শুরু, পৌঁছেছে Houston-এ। প্রশ্নে চাওয়া হয়েছে arrival।
34box length (35 ft) matched the biggest trailers legally allowed on ______
highways. "That figure had nothing to do with any ship. It matched the trailers his lorries were already pulling, which were the longest that the rules on many highways then permitted." Trap: the ship's size is the obvious guess, and it is denied. 🔑 বাংলায়: 35 ফুট দৈর্ঘ্য জাহাজের মাপে নয়, বরং highway-র নিয়মে যত লম্বা trailer চলতে পারত তার সাথে মিলিয়ে।
35Benefits: goods arrived in better condition, and there was much less ______
theft. "far less was damaged on the way, and theft from cargo, which had been such a routine part of dock life that insurers simply allowed for it in their prices, fell dramatically." Trap: damage is also reduced, but the frame already covers it ("better condition"); loading cost is a different benefit. 🔑 বাংলায়: "better condition" দিয়ে damage-এর কথা বলা হয়ে গেছে; ফাঁকা জায়গাটা চুরি (theft) কমার কথা।
36Standardisation: rival firms used boxes of different sizes; McLean gave away the corner-fitting design and charged no ______
royalties. "McLean could have made a fortune by licensing it. Instead … he released the patents to the industry without asking for any royalties." Trap: licensing (making money) is what he could have done — and did not. 🔑 বাংলায়: Licence দিয়ে টাকা আয় করতে পারতেন, কিন্তু কোনো royalty না নিয়েই patent ছেড়ে দেন — তাই design-টা international standard হয়।
37Expansion: returning from Vietnam, vessels picked up cargo in ______
Japan. "rather than sailing all the way back to California empty, his ships began calling at Japan on the return journey" (return journey = on the way back). Trap: California and Cam Ranh Bay are both places in the same passage. 🔑 বাংলায়: Vietnam থেকে খালি ফেরার বদলে পথে Japan-এ থেমে মাল তুলত। California আর Cam Ranh Bay distractor।
38New York's port activity shifted to a huge facility in New Jersey, on land that was once ______
marshland. "most of New York's shipping had moved across the harbour to a vast new terminal at Elizabeth, New Jersey, built on what had been marshland." Trap: "the old finger piers of Manhattan and Brooklyn" are what was abandoned. 🔑 বাংলায়: Manhattan আর Brooklyn-এর পুরনো pier ছেড়ে New Jersey-র নতুন terminal — যা আগে জলাভূমি (marshland) ছিল।
39Trade: a 2016 study found that, among rich nations, containers did more to raise commerce than ______ between governments
agreements. "concluded that containerisation had done more to increase that trade than free-trade agreements had." Trap: "lower tariffs" are named as another change of the period, but the study's comparison was with free-trade agreements (deals between governments). "free-trade agreements" would be two words. 🔑 বাংলায়: 2016-এর গবেষণা অনুযায়ী container, free-trade agreements-এর চেয়েও বেশি বাণিজ্য বাড়িয়েছে। Tariff-এর কথা এসেছে, কিন্তু তুলনাটা agreements-এর সাথে।
40Death (2001): vessels worldwide used their ______ to pay tribute
horns. "there was no grand public ceremony … But on the morning of his funeral, in ports across the world, container ships sounded their horns in his honour." ("in his honour" = to pay tribute) Trap: a grand public ceremony is mentioned — and denied. 🔑 বাংলায়: কোনো বড় অনুষ্ঠান হয়নি; তবে শেষকৃত্যের সকালে বিশ্বের বন্দরে বন্দরে জাহাজ horn বাজিয়ে সম্মান জানায়।